Advanced Wide Area Technologies
Advanced wide Area Technologies
Frame Relay
In the context of computer networking, frame relay consists of an efficient data transmission technique used to send digital information. It is a message forwarding "relay race" like system in which data packets, called frames, are passed from one or many start-points to one or many destinations via a series of intermediate node points.
Network providers commonly implement frame relay for voice and data as an encapsulation technique, used between local area networks (LANs) over a wide area network (WAN). Each end-user gets a private line (or leased line) to a frame-relay node. The frame-relay network handles the transmission over a frequently-changing path transparent to all end-users
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
In electronic digital data transmission systems, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a network protocol which encodes data traffic into small fixed-sized cells. The standards for ATM were first developed in the mid 1980s. The goal was to design a single networking strategy that could transport real-time video and audio as well as image files, text and email. Two groups, the International Telecommunications Union and the ATM Forum were involved in the creation of the standards.
ATM is a connection-oriented technology, in which a virtual circuit is established between the two endpoints before the actual data exchange begins. ATM is a cell relay, packet switching protocol which provides data link layer services that run over Layer 1 links. This differs from other technologies based on packet-switched networks (such as the Internet Protocol or Ethernet), in which variable sized packets (known as frames when referencing Layer 2) are used. ATM exposes properties from both circuit- and packet switched networking, making it suitable for wide area data networking as well as real-time media transport. It is a core protocol used in the SONET/SDH...
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