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Research Purposal

Research Proposal

INTRODUCTION:

CANCER, when you hear of it, you always feel pity for people suffering from it. Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases encountered by human beings. Cancer occurs when the cell becomes abnormal and divides without control or order.   Cancer is still the second leading cause of death in USA and the first in Australia; around 39,000 people die each year in Australia. There are different types of cancer and Colorectal Cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, around 500,000 people dies worldwide from Colorectal Cancer (CRC) each year.(1)

What is Colorectal Cancer? : Colon is the part of the digestive system where the waste material is stored and rectum is the part that connects Colon to the anus. Cancer that begins in the colon is known as Colon Cancer and caner that begins in the rectum is known as rectum cancer and together they are known as Colorectal Cancer (CRC) It is also known as Colon Cancer or large bowls cancer.(4).

Colorectal Cancer is not contagious, but is caused due to high intake of fat in the diet and it is believed that the breakdown product of fat is carcinogenic. CRC may also be inherited. Chromosomes damage causes the genetic defects that lead to the development of colon polyp followed by colon cancer. When such chromosome is inherited, the child is very likely to acquire Colon Cancer at an early stage. (5) The tumor suppressing genes and the oncogenes are responsible for the cancer whether inherited or sporadic. Inflammatory bowl diseases symptoms are ulcerative colitis which increases the risk of CRC. Even smoking, alcohol and environment poses risk for developing CRC (6)

There are several symptoms of colon cancer which include fatigue, weakness, breath shortness, and change in bowel habits, narrow stools, diarrhea or constipation, red or dark blood in stool, weight loss, abdominal pain, cramps or bloating. But colon cancer can be present several years before the symptoms start showing...